Комментарии: Besides Av. the root is possibly attested in And. (Khaid.) rebʎo-č:i 'he-goat' (as the second part of the compound < *č:im; for the first part cf. And. /Tsertsvadze/ rebʎa id.). Cf. also Av. Kuyad. č:amá > Archi čama 'young goat (less than 2-3 y. old)'.
It is also not excluded that a relic of this root can be found in PGB *ṭoq-či 'young he-goat' (although the regular reflex would be *-s:i(m) or *-š:i(m), it could be distorted in a compound after a previous consonant; etymology of the first part, *ṭoq-, see under *dVrq̇wV).
Комментарии: Av. paradigm A (č:úti-l,č:úta-l). This root should be distinguished from š:uṭ,č:uṭ, present in other Av. dialects; although the forms with -t and -ṭ are actively contaminating, they are historically separate.
Комментарии: Av. paradigm B (č:uʕí-l, č:uʕ-bí). Cf. also Bagv. (Gud.) š:ʷa. Loans from Av.: Akhv. č:uʕa, Cham. Gig. čoʕa, Kar., God. č:uʕa. Tind. > Inkh. čʷãʔa. Etymology rather obscure: perhaps related to Av. č:u- 'to soak (trans.)', -ič:- id. (intrans.), PA *-ič:- - words for 'fish' and 'wet, soak' are frequently related in Caucasian languages.
Комментарии: Av. paradigm C (čaní-l/čaná-l,čána-l/čún-dul). A loan from some Av.-Andian language is probably Tsez. čan / čanja / čaInja 'goat' (although it means now "domestic goat" - obviously under the influence of the common Tsez. word *can 'goat' which was lost in Tsez.).
Комментарии: In most languages and dialects this long expressive stem was reinterpreted as a compound with *ʁandi 'crow' in the second part; in Av. the word čár-ʁedo means literally 'variegated crow' (cf. also an old Inkh. loan from Andian: ačirʁade 'magpie'). However, Khaidakov notes an And. dialectal form čarʁiṭ which obviously can not be explained in this way; external parallels also show that the influence of *ʁandi is here secondary.
Комментарии: In the meaning 'who, what' the root has been preserved only in Akhvakh (with changeable class suffixes); all other languages reflect only the old derivate *čo-mi (or, perhaps, *čʷo-mi, cf. the Tind. form) 'how many'.
In Akhvakh the root serves also for building quantor pronouns (čubi-da,čuga-dala 'all' etc.).
Комментарии: Av. paradigm B (pl. čaʕí). The root was generally lost in Andian languages; it is, perhaps, preserved within an old compound *miʎi-ča- 'young man, male' q.v.
